Chapter 233 The Dirty Thirties (1/2)
Although he had negotiated a cooperation with the winemaker, Colin's imported wine business did not start immediately.
First, he needed to set up an import company to handle related business.
Secondly, the repeal of a law is not as simple as just talking about it. It took nearly a year from Roosevelt's formal launch of the repeal procedure to the repeal of Prohibition. That is to say, during this period, there was enough time for Colin to complete the preliminary purchases and preparations.
In fact, he had already arranged for Jack Lebovitz to rent a suitable warehouse at a port near London to store the purchased Scotch whiskey and gin. Once the Eighteenth Amendment was officially repealed, this batch of wine would be shipped to the United States to seize the wine market.
After handling the related matters of imported wine, Colin's steps did not stop.
He knew very well that with Roosevelt's coming to power, although he could not completely end the Great Depression, the economy of New York and even the United States would undergo a drastic change.
Hoover's downfall has proved that the laissez-faire negative attitude will not make the economy better, but will become worse and worse. Therefore, as the successor, Roosevelt obviously cannot continue the old path of the other party's failure, and strengthening intervention in the economic market is almost a fact.
Colin, one of the drafters of the other party's "New Deal", is naturally very clear about this.
During this period, as the anti-world affairs came to an end, he devoted more energy to the operation of the positive world.
Not only did he arrange Jack Lebovitz to go to the UK to find British brewers such as Dewar and Gordon to discuss cooperation, but he also asked people to find some objects in his memory in China.
Unlike the convenient Internet channels in later generations, even the telephone was not convenient during the Great Depression.
To find someone in this era is not a problem that can be solved by typing on the keyboard.
Even with the basic information provided by Colin, it took almost half a month to find the target.
It was a week later when Colin received the letter and confirmed that it was correct.
This letter from San Francisco made Colin think about getting up.
However, before he could take action, what happened in New York forced him to stop.
Because the dust storm came.
That's right, the 1930s was not only the period of the Great Depression, but also the era of the dust storm.
Throughout the 1930s, unprecedented dust storms swept across the western United States, affecting Chicago and even... New York. This unprecedented dust storm began in 1930 and lasted for nearly ten years. Therefore, the entire 1930s was also called the "Dirty Thirties".
This huge dust storm disaster that spread throughout the western United States was not only a natural disaster but also a man-made disaster.
Originally, there were large tracts of grassland in the United States, where Indians hunted bison for a living, but with the development of animal husbandry and agriculture, especially the soaring wheat prices after World War I, farmers in the south reclaimed grasslands into farmland, which also caused great damage to natural vegetation.
In the early 1930s, a severe drought eventually caused a huge dust storm.
The largest one occurred on May 12, 1934, and it blew for three consecutive days.
By 1934, an estimated 35 million acres of arable land had become unusable, directly affecting nearly 400,000 square kilometers, and the impact of the dust storm on the region's economy was long-lasting.
At the same time, under the ravages of the dust storm, about 2.5 million people left Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma in the 1930s.
This was the largest migration in American history, and 440,000 people died in Oklahoma alone.
The exodus of millions of people also left countless families impoverished, and the occurrence of the Great Depression cast a shadow on the migration.
"... Don't go out, prepare your handkerchief to protect your mouth and nose, the unprecedented huge dust storm will appear in New York in three days, please be prepared for protection and pay attention to personal safety."
In the radio broadcast, the radio station constantly called on the public to prepare for the upcoming dust storm.
It has been almost two years since the dust storm that swept across the West appeared, but not everyone believes in its existence.
Especially for people living in New York, they had never experienced a sandstorm before, so it was difficult for them to feel too much about this disaster. Many people regarded it as a rumor spread by the radio station, while more people did not care about it.
"This is New York."
"How could a sandstorm be blown so far..."
Even the people in the Messenger newspaper were somewhat skeptical about the rumors of the sandstorm. Even Old John, who had lived in New York the longest, had never experienced a sandstorm in his life. They could not imagine what it felt like to have a black storm that covered the sky.
Not to mention Old John and his friends, even Colin would not have known much about the sandstorms of this era if there were no books specifically recording the "Dirty Thirties".
And it was because of the "Dirty Thirties" that he knew that the threat of sandstorms was greater than he had imagined.
So, during the days when he was trapped in New York by the sandstorm.
Colin not only asked Little John to collect the effects of the sandstorms in recent years, but also drew them into the story of "Superman".
…
"Extra, Extra!"
"The latest issue of "Superman" is out!"
On the streets of New York, Jimmy covered his mouth and nose with a piece of cloth, waving a newspaper and running through the streets and alleys.
"Give me a copy of the Daily Courier..."
Reaching out to stop Jimmy, the pedestrians' eyes lingered on the rag on the newsboy's face, and couldn't help but ask curiously.
"What are you doing?"
Handing a folded newspaper to the pedestrian in front of him, Jimmy stretched out his hand and pulled the cloth in front of his mouth, and said in a muffled voice: "This is to protect against the arrival of sandstorms. Mr. Colin of the Daily Courier specially prepared it for the newsboys."
"Sandstorm?"
Hearing the newsboy's answer, the pedestrian frowned: "Isn't this a rumor? How could a sandstorm come to New York?"
"If you have read today's Daily Courier, you won't think so."
Taking the coin handed by the pedestrian, Jimmy put it carefully and pulled the cloth on his face, then turned around and continued to sell the newspaper in his hand.
Retracting his eyes from the back of the newsboy, the pedestrian looked at the Daily Courier in his hand with some doubts.
"Dirty America!"
First, the headline on the front page with huge words came into view.
The pedestrian originally thought that the dirty mentioned in the newspaper referred to the poor security and crime problems in the country, but unexpectedly, the words were just as they meant, referring to the sandstorms in the west.
Then, shocking photos appeared under the title.
These photos were specially collected by Colin for John Jr., and they were photos of the dust storms in recent years. They were from the town of Tweety, Texas, because the whole town had been abandoned due to the dust storms.
In the photo, a wooden shed was buried in the gravel, and only the beams of the roof were vaguely visible. In the distance were bare trees, and the dead branches in the orchard were like charcoal that broke at the touch.
"Is that a school over there?"
What shocked the pedestrians the most was a photo of a school.
The whole school was reduced to ruins under the impact of the dust storm, with only a chimney and two walls still standing there.
"Is the dust storm really coming back?"
Looking at the shocking photos in the Daily Courier in front of him, the pedestrian felt that his breathing seemed to become a little suffocated. He looked up at the gloomy sky in New York, and his heart subconsciously tightened a little.
"Perhaps, I should have made some preparations earlier."
With anxiety and fear about the sandstorm in his heart, the pedestrian continued to flip the newspaper in his hand.
The "Superman" serialized in this issue seems to be very different from the past.
At the beginning of the comic, the first thing that appears is an extremely vast scene. There are no plants on the black ground, and even no stones exist. A black figure moves in it.
Then, in the next frame, the figure will raise the shovel and shovel it towards the ground, and a large amount of sand is shoveled up by him.
The figure looks up and a black wall appears at the end of the picture.
Metropolis, "The Daily Courier".
Clark: "Huge sandstorm?"
Superman learned about the news about the sandstorm from the editor.
Editor: "Yes, a huge sandstorm swept the entire West. Kent, I need you to go there and take relevant photos. Some meteorologists predict that this sandstorm may come to Metropolis."
After receiving the task from the editor, Clark went to the town where the sandstorm was the most severe.
Austin: "Who are you?"
Clark: "Clark, I'm a reporter from the Courier Daily, and I'm here to investigate the dust storm."
In the town, Clark saw an old man who still lived there, and learned about the dust storm from him.
Austin: "You can't see your hand in front of your face for many days at a time."
The animals were blinded and suffocated to death.
Farmers cut open their stomachs and found that their stomachs were full of fine sand. Horses ran wildly in the storm, and children coughed and vomited, and were tortured to death by what doctors called "pneumoconiosis". In desperation, every household sent their children away. Hugging a loved one or holding someone's hand, such instinctive actions would cause two people to fall down because the static electricity generated by the dust storm was too strong.
Austin said that he had experienced many disasters in his life, including the flu, war, and economic crisis, but nothing could be compared with the black dust storm.
At that time, even the simplest thing in life - breathing - became a threat.
"The sandstorm is coming!"
Just when Clark was interviewing Austin, there was a huge shout.
It turned out that another sandstorm appeared in the town. When everyone was hiding, Clark took this opportunity to transform into Superman. He wanted to find out the truth about this sandstorm.
In the town, Superman saw the huge black wall, which was the appearance of the soil lifted by the sandstorm.
Approaching the sandstorm, Superman felt the terrible degree of this disaster more clearly. He saw the houses and land covered by the sandstorm.
Not only humans are afraid of this disaster, but even animals are powerless to resist it.
Rushing into the sandstorm, Superman wanted to find the murderer who created the sandstorm, but he flew in the sandstorm for a long time but never found the other party.
Finally, he found the source of everything on a dry land with a lot of vegetation destroyed. From the barren land, strong winds continued to blow the yellow sand, eventually forming a sandstorm that swept everything.
Then, in the sandstorm, Superman rescued a weak figure. From his mouth, Superman knew that this used to be a large grassland. However, with the deforestation of the land, the endless expansion turned the grassland into what it is today. Deserts and sandstorms are also explained here.
Superman: "It turns out that sandstorms were created by humans themselves."
When he saw the truth clearly, Superman fell into silence.
He exhaled and blew out the sandstorms that seemed to be continuously generated, preventing the raging of this disaster.
However, the crisis has not been resolved. Superman knows that the sandstorm will not disappear as long as the earth is destroyed.
He can save mankind and prevent disasters, but he cannot save the environment destroyed by mankind.
At the end of the story, Superman returned to Metropolis and wrote down everything he saw as a news report.
The sandstorm in Metropolis seemed to be stopped, but Clark fell into deep confusion.
Thought-provoking comic content.
If we say that the previous battle between Superman and General Zod was considered to be the most thrilling battle scene in the history of comics.
So the depiction of sandstorms in this chapter has triggered a lot of public debate from a completely different angle. In the entire story, there is no super villain appearing, but the human being protected by Superman is in a certain sense. Speaking of which, he took over the role of villain.
This is obviously a subversion of the Superman story in some sense.
The saved have become the creators of disasters.
The creative concept of superheroes going deep into social topics was born from this.
"Colin Looper uses four-panel comics to depict the memory of the sandstorm that has been deeply rooted in people's hearts for thirty years, and makes us think about the occurrence of disasters from different angles!"
At the same time, this issue of the Courier Daily was later collected by the museum.
"Colin Looper's comics have always had a profound imprint of the times. His Superman is not only a superhero living in the comic metropolis, but also a character who is in touch with the times. From "Superman" In the story, we can see the security, life and even disasters of the Great Depression at that time.”
"It is precisely because of Colin Looper's creative method that the image of Superman is always vivid. As the times continue to grow, he not only becomes you and me, but also our children. Children's children's childhood memories are indispensable. The missing part..."
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