Chapter 145 Annual Work Report

Time keeps passing, and as 1872 becomes the past, 1873 officially begins.

For the Spanish government, 1872 is a year of continuous progress. The government promulgated a number of decrees in this year to continue to promote reforms throughout Spain, and the completion of the Seville industrial base also allowed Spain's industry to grow to a large extent.

Coupled with the achievements of various construction projects, Spain has begun to transform from a traditional agricultural country to an industrial country, and is working towards a developed European country.

As the saying goes, a fat man is never eaten in one bite. Spain's reforms and the construction of the industrial economy are by no means completed in a short period of time, and the so-called slogan of surpassing Britain and France is by no means achieved in the 19th century.

For the Spanish government and officials at all levels, the most important thing at present is to comply with the five-year development plan bill promulgated by the Spanish government, effectively improve the development of Spanish industry and various industries, and effectively promote the country's progress.

As usual, Carlo attended the large-scale parliamentary meeting at the end of the year, and listened to the 1872 annual government work report submitted by the Spanish cabinet government to the parliament with many members of parliament.

Speaking of which, it was Prime Minister Primo who proposed to submit an annual government work report to the parliament every year. Its purpose is not only to explain to the members of parliament what contributions and efforts the Spanish cabinet government has made in the past year, but also to tell the Spanish people through such an opportunity that the government is doing practical things for the country and all Spanish people, rather than doing nothing.

It is precisely because of this purpose that the annual government work report meeting is still very important every year. Each department will summarize the achievements made in the past year into a clear and concise report so that all members of parliament and the public can understand it.

Once a government department does not have any amazing reports at the annual work report meeting, it actually proves in disguise that the work status of this department in this year is not very satisfactory.

It is precisely because of this that each department attaches great importance to the annual work report meeting, because it is indeed related to their own interests.

Don't forget that the Spanish parliament has the power to impeach officials. Whether it is the prime minister who formed the cabinet government or every minister of the cabinet government, the Spanish parliament has the power to impeach and remove them.

However, the entire impeachment process is not so easy. It is necessary to obtain the support of the majority of seats in the parliament to complete the entire process of impeachment and removal of officials.

According to the provisions of the Spanish Constitution, members of the Spanish House of Representatives have the power to impeach any official. When any member submits an impeachment proposal to the parliament, it also means that the entire impeachment process has officially begun.

What determines the final direction of the impeachment proposal is actually the attitude of all members in the parliament. Once more than 60% of the members agree to the impeachment proposal, it also means that the parliament has officially removed the impeached official from his position.

If the number of people who agree to impeachment exceeds 40% of the seats in the House of Representatives but does not exceed 60%, a joint meeting of the House of Representatives and the Senate will be initiated for a larger-scale vote.

The House of Representatives and the Senate are actually the upper and lower houses of Spain, and together they form a complete parliament.

Spain's current parliamentary system is quite complex, and can even extend to small parliaments in various cities. The members elected by the parliaments of each city form a higher-level regional council, and the regional councils elect a very small number of members, and finally form a House of Representatives with real power.

The real voting rights of the Spanish people are only reflected in the city councils of various cities. They can elect members of the city councils, and these members of the city councils have the power to be elected as members of the higher-level parliament.

Elections above this level have nothing to do with the people. After all, public opinion can be controlled, and the votes of a large number of voters will also increase the burden of vote counting, which is unnecessary for Spain at present.

Unlike the House of Representatives, the election of the Senate has nothing to do with the people directly. According to the latest Spanish Constitution, the Spanish Senate is elected by the governments of the major regions and colonies, and the cabinet government members form a complete Senate.

If the House of Representatives has legislative power, then the greatest power of the Senate is to conduct a second review of the laws passed by the House of Representatives, and those that pass will be formally implemented, and those that do not pass will be sent back for revision.

In general, the Senate does not have any major events except reviewing the laws submitted by the House of Representatives.

But if there are certain differences in some major votes, the role of the Senate will be reflected. When the House of Representatives and the Senate hold a joint meeting and vote together, the votes of these members of the Senate are still very useful.

If more than 40% of the House of Representatives agree to impeachment but less than 60%, a joint meeting of the House of Representatives and the Senate will be initiated to vote together.

At this time, if the number of votes exceeds 50% of the total number of people, the impeachment case can be promoted. If the number of votes does not exceed 50% of the total number of people, it means that the impeachment case is over.

Finally, if the number of people who agree to the impeachment proposal in the House of Representatives does not exceed 40%, it also means that the impeachment case is automatically ended and the impeachment is invalidated.

From this aspect, it can be seen that although the House of Representatives has the power to supervise the government, it is still difficult to really remove an official or the entire government.

Compared with the House of Representatives, the Senate has no power to supervise the government. But this does not mean that the Senate is not important. After all, the attitude of the Senate is also very important for the successful implementation of the bill.

At present, the Spanish House of Representatives has the most seats, with a total of 208 seats, and the corresponding seats are allocated to each region according to the proportion of the population of each region and colony.

The seats in the Senate are relatively fixed, and the total number is less than 30. Each region and colony has only one seat, which is basically the governor of the region or the governor of the colony.

In addition, only the ministers and prime ministers of the cabinet can enter the Senate, which actually means that the members of the Senate are all senior officials in the Spanish government.

After all, whether a bill is suitable for implementation in various parts of Spain, these officials still have a certain right to express their opinions. The members of the House of Representatives generally consider things from a single perspective and often forget the concerns of the government in some aspects.

At this time, the opinions of the Senate are particularly important. Under the guidance of the Senate, the laws promulgated by the House of Representatives can also move in a direction that is more suitable for the development of Spain, at least to ensure that the laws promulgated will have a beneficial impact on Spain, rather than a harmful one.

The meeting to take back the Spanish government's government work report in 1872 was still quite large.

All 208 members of the House of Representatives were present, and together with the cabinet ministers and Carlo, the meeting was very lively.

The leader was of course Prime Minister Primo, but his task was to set the tone for the government work report meeting and leave some space for ministers from various departments to show their achievements.

For Prime Minister Primo, these merits are no longer important. As long as Prime Minister Primo is willing, he can still win in the next cabinet parliamentary election.

After all, more than half of the 208 members of the House of Representatives support him and the Progressive Party. In this case, unless Prime Minister Primo withdraws voluntarily, it will be difficult to lose the House of Representatives election.

"Your Majesty, Members of Parliament. It is an honor to be able to report the annual work report of the Spanish Cabinet Government for the whole year of 1872 as the Prime Minister of Spain on such an occasion.

Throughout 1872, the development of all walks of life in Spain was very rapid. According to the estimate of the Ministry of People's Livelihood, at the end of 1872, Spain is expected to have a population of 17.45 million, an increase of at least 230,000 over the previous year.

Last year, our GDP reached 7.212 billion pesetas, an increase of 8.1% over last year.

Under the premise of the growth of the total economic scale, the government's fiscal revenue also reached a new high, about 525.9 million pesetas.

However, our total fiscal expenditure is still greater than fiscal revenue. Last year, the total fiscal expenditure was As high as 557.5 million pesetas, with a fiscal loss of 31.6 million pesetas for the whole year.

By the end of 1872, our total railway mileage had exceeded 6,900 kilometers, and it is expected that the total railway mileage will exceed 7,000 kilometers within three months.

From late 1868 to the end of 1872, it took us only four years to build more railway mileage than the previous government built in a total of ten years from late 1858 to late 1868.

In the future, we will still attach importance to the construction of Spanish railways, and plan to increase the total railway mileage in Spain to at least 7,500 kilometers by February 1874. "

Primo Prime Minister's report was only rough, but Spain's progress in 1872 was very obvious. There has been considerable development in almost all aspects, and the railway mileage is also increasing at a rate of at least 300 kilometers per year.

And according to Prime Minister Primo, the total railway mileage will be increased to about 7,500 kilometers by February 1874.

There is only a little over a year left until February 1874, but the railway journey to be built is more than 600 kilometers. This is a big test for the cabinet government, but at the same time, if it can be completed, it will also be a big political achievement.

Although the five-year plan promulgated by the Spanish government was after the establishment of the cabinet government, the time is calculated together with the establishment of the cabinet government.

It is normal to think about it. If the five-year plan can be completed, the political achievements brought to the cabinet members are absolutely inestimable.

Such a big achievement is naturally impossible for the cabinet government to leave to the next term. Even if there are a few months less time, it is necessary to ensure that the five-year plan is completed during its term.

After completion, even if the results are achieved later, the credit will not escape from the palm of your hand. But if it is completed in the hands of the next government, the credit will not have much to do with yourself.

The ministers of the cabinet government are not fools. This is why the term of office of the cabinet government is five years, and this development plan is also five years.

This phenomenon occurs from time to time in various countries, and Carlo will naturally not stop it. After all, only when the development plan is truly related to their own political achievements and future prospects, these officials will make every effort to promote the completion of the plan.

What we need to worry about is the situation where the government changes frequently and the policies issued by the previous government are not implemented by the next government.

In Spanish history, this was the case during the reign of Amadeo and the subsequent Republican period. Can we say that all the prime ministers in Spain during this period were incompetent? I am afraid not.

But the biggest problem is that the Spanish government changed too quickly during this period. Each cabinet government often just promulgated laws, and the next government came to power.

The new cabinet government will definitely not continue the policies of the previous government. After all, even if such policies have achieved political achievements, the credit has little to do with them.

Some governments even have completely opposite ideological attitudes to the previous government. Some support reforms, while others oppose reforms. It is strange that Spain can develop during this chaotic period.

In history, Spain experienced nine governments during the reign of Amadeo. Even if the earliest reigns of Serrano and Primo are removed, there are still seven cabinet governments.

And Amadeo's reign in Spain lasted only two and a half years. In two and a half years, he experienced seven cabinet governments, and the average term of each cabinet government was even less than half a year.

Such frequent changes of government also doomed Amadeo to be unable to rule a stable Spain.

But this cannot be entirely blamed on Amadeo. After all, before he arrived in Spain, his biggest supporter, Prime Minister Primo, had been assassinated.

It was precisely because he did not have the biggest supporter that the Spanish government during Amadeo's reign changed frequently. The king did not have much power and naturally could not interfere with the chaotic situation of the government.

Carlo also formally understood the disadvantages of frequent changes in the government, so he was very cautious about the change of the government, and did not even plan to change a Spanish prime minister in the short term.

Of course, it is impossible to change the prime minister now. Unless Prime Minister Primo voluntarily withdraws from the election of the cabinet prime minister, his victory is a matter of course.

However, considering Prime Minister Primo's age, perhaps after the next cabinet government, Prime Minister Primo will no longer have the motivation to run for election.

After all, although the Spanish prime minister represents a huge power above ten thousand people, it also represents a heavy responsibility and obligation.

Prime Minister Primo's goal is not to maintain the status quo in Spain, but to reform Spain into an advanced and developed European power.

On top of this goal, the Spanish Prime Minister brings more of a heavy burden than the joy of having huge power.

After Prime Minister Primo made a brief work report, the next meeting was for the ministers of various departments of the cabinet to report in detail on the work of each department.

Carlo also listened in detail to several departments that he was more interested in, and had a more detailed understanding of the current development status of Spain.

Spain's population data is not as simple as just growing to 17.45 million. From the overall population growth rate, Spain's newborn population is constantly increasing, which is a good thing for Spain.

At least it proves that the efforts of the Spanish government have not been in vain, and the burden on the people is also effectively reduced, so that they have the mood, time and energy to have children.

It is precisely because of this that the people's livelihood department has estimated Spain's future population growth rate and total population size. It is expected that by the beginning of 1875, Spain's total population will have the hope of breaking through 18 million.

If such a good population growth rate continues to be maintained, Spain may even have the hope of increasing its total population to more than 20 million before 1885.

Although such data is only estimated based on the current population growth rate, it is definitely good news.

After all, there were still nearly 30 years from 1885 to World War I. If Spain had the hope of increasing its population to 20 million in 1885, it would naturally have the hope of increasing its population to nearly 30 million before World War I.

However, this is indeed just an estimate, or a beautiful fantasy. Whether Spain's population growth rate can always maintain such a high level is a question worth pondering. The current high population growth does not mean that it will remain the same in the future.

However, considering the government's recent policy of encouraging childbirth, let alone the time when the population reaches 20 million and 30 million, at least in recent years, Spain's population is definitely developing in a good direction.

Among the overall population data, it is also worth noting the increase in the number of immigrants. During the reign of Queen Isabel, Spain did not welcome many immigrants each year, and even a large number of people flowed out every year to other European countries, colonies and South American countries that were previously colonies.

In recent years, the overall scale of immigration in Spain has been increasing.

Throughout 1872, Spain welcomed more than 20,000 immigrants, most of whom were from Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Carlo's Italian identity is still relatively important, at least in the minds of Italians. Many Italians who can't make a living in Italy will also consider Spain when they immigrate.

But it's still a minority after all. More Italians still choose to immigrate outside Europe. After all, Spain and Italy are not much different.

Carlo generally maintains a welcoming attitude towards these immigrants. First of all, the number of immigrants is not large, which will not have a big impact on the overall ethnic ratio in Spain.

As long as the Spaniards are still the main ethnic group in Spain and occupy the majority of the Spanish population, Spain is not exclusive of other ethnic groups.

Of course, it is impossible for African blacks. At present, discrimination against blacks by white people in Europe is still quite serious, and it is rare to see blacks choose to immigrate to Europe.

After all, they will not get a better environment if they immigrate to Europe, but will be discriminated against by most Europeans.

Some extreme white people will even bully or even massacre blacks unscrupulously. As long as these white people are rich and powerful, the local government will generally not care much.

It will take a long time for blacks to obtain real human rights. At least before the world war, there is no shortage of population in countries around the world. Blacks are just labor, and they don’t need to worry about human lives.

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