Chapter 1230 Return to the Moon
In the history of human space flight, the only visit to an alien planet is the landing on the moon!
The moon is the celestial body closest to humans, only 380,000 kilometers away. However, it is also the subject of most imagination. The story of Chang'e is a beautiful legend.
In order to land on the moon, the most important thing is a large carrier rocket. The Americans succeeded because of the high reliability of the Saturn V rocket. The Soviet Union failed because they did not have large rocket engines and could only rely on small engines in parallel, which greatly increased the complexity of the system. As a result, the launches failed repeatedly and had to be terminated.
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Now, after further development, the Soviet space technology has developed into the Energia rocket!
In terms of direct data, the Energia launch vehicle is about 60 meters long, has a total weight of 2,400 tons, and a takeoff thrust of 3,500 tons, while the Saturn V is about 110 meters long, has a takeoff weight of 2,950 tons, and a takeoff thrust of 3,400 tons.
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From this data, we can see that the Energia has a small total weight but a very strong takeoff thrust. This is of course because the Energia appeared later, so the technology used is more powerful! The most important one is its RD-170 engine, which is much stronger than the Saturn V's F-1 engine. Not only is the thrust stronger, but the most important indicator: the specific impulse is also much higher.
The Soviet Union was the first country in the world to master the oxygen-enriched kerosene engine. The RD-170 is its masterpiece. The advanced engine is the prerequisite for the success of the Energia.
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The low-Earth orbit carrying capacity of both rockets is about 100 tons, but the Saturn V uses a three-stage rocket for the moon landing, while the Energia is a two-stage rocket.
It was perfectly normal to use Energia to launch a spacecraft to land on the moon, and it could reach orbit in one go! At the same time, the Soviet lunar module technology was almost ready for use.
Back then, the Soviet Union tried its best to land on the moon. It launched several lunar exploration satellites to analyze the lunar surface and look for a suitable landing site. At the same time, it also produced lunar rovers, space suits, lunar modules, etc., and just waited for the rocket to send them up. Unfortunately, the rocket did not have the capability to do so!
At the same time, landing on the moon also requires huge financial support. Back then, the Apollo program in the United States mobilized almost the entire country and put 20% of the expenditure into this program.
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Now, for the Soviet Union, the huge country has supported them with a sufficient economic foundation! Apart from anything else, just controlling the global oil supply has made the Soviet Union the richest country! It can even be said that the funds extorted from Britain were enough to complete the Soviet Union's moon landing.
Back to the Moon!
Soviet aerospace scientists sat together in a large conference room in the Kremlin. Everyone was discussing excitedly. When they learned that the Soviet Union was going to return to the moon, they were extremely excited.
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This is especially true for Chelomian!
Now, Chelomen is the person in charge of the Soviet landing on Mars. Now, the landing of the unmanned probe has been successful, but the manned landing operation will take a few years.
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During this period, conducting a moon landing operation first will be a rehearsal for landing on Mars, which will be of great benefit to them.
However, no one knew how large the scale of the Soviet Union's moon landing operation was.
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"Everyone, the reason I called you here is mainly to listen to the analysis of the feasibility of our landing on the moon." Finally, after finishing other things, Andre came here and the meeting was officially held.
"General Secretary Andrei, more than 20 years ago, our moon landing plan had to be aborted because our space technology at that time was still flawed. In particular, our backward rocket technology led to our ultimate failure. But now, our space technology is developing rapidly, and we have no technical problems in landing on the moon," said Chelomian.
There are no technical problems. Now, it all depends on how much confidence the country has!
"What if, instead of just staying on the lunar surface for a few hours or days like the Americans did, we established a long-term manned base on the moon, just like our Mir?" said Andre.
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Build a base on the moon! Andre's words made everyone excited.
The experience of the Mir combat space station shows that Soviet astronauts can live in space for a long time. Now, the longest time has been living on the space station for more than a year!
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If it can be done on the gravity-free Mir, then it will not be difficult to build a base on the lunar surface, which has one-sixth of the gravity on Earth!
In the eyes of countless scientists, space exploration is full of fantasies. Space immigration and space colonization are what many scientists are most looking forward to. And now, finally, the Soviet Union is going to take the most important step, which is to establish a real base on the moon!
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"If that's the case, then we have to design a new lunar spacecraft that can take off and land on the moon, break free from the moon's gravity and reach Earth's orbit," said Demengiev, the head of the Lightning Design Bureau, the developer of the Buran space shuttle. "We can't be like the American lunar module, nor can we design the lunar module like we did before."
The Soviet Union did design a lunar module, but due to its limited thrust, its lunar module was quite simple and could only accommodate one astronaut. The process of landing on the moon and taking off again was undoubtedly very dangerous.
Of course, on the other hand, the sacrifice was also minimal. After all, when Armstrong and Aldrin landed on the moon, they were well prepared. In case the lunar module could not take off, they could only stay on the moon and wait to die.
Now, with the advancement of technology, this risk has been greatly reduced. Since the requirement is to build a base, it must be like the Mir space station, with a means of transportation that can travel between the earth and space at any time!
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"I suggest that we use the Mir space station as a base." Chelomen added: "This lunar landing spacecraft will fly between the moon and the Mir space station, which can greatly reduce the difficulty."
The gravity of the earth makes most of the rocket's energy consumed in overcoming the earth's gravity! If it is transferred from the space station, the difficulty will be greatly reduced!